What Sets Them Apart? Understanding the Differences Between Highways and Expressways in India
What Sets Them Apart? Understanding the Differences Between Highways and Expressways in India
Expressways and highways may seem similar, but their design, speed limits, and functionality make them distinct.
In the realm of road travel, the terms ‘Highway’ and ‘Expressway’ are often used interchangeably, yet they signify different types of roadways. The distinction between these two has become a topic of interest for many, especially in recent times. Let’s delve into what sets them apart, focusing on their characteristics and the implications for drivers in India.
Expressways are a step above highways in terms of design and functionality. They are engineered for speed, allowing vehicles to travel at higher velocities compared to highways. This is primarily due to their construction specifics, which cater to fast-moving traffic without the hindrances found on regular highways. The design of expressways minimizes sharp curves, ensuring that vehicles can maintain a steady high speed throughout their journey.
The most notable difference between highways and expressways lies in the speed limits set for vehicles. On Indian national highways, the maximum speed for vehicles is pegged at 110 km/h. However, expressways allow for a slightly higher velocity, with vehicles permitted to travel up to 120 km/h, as per the guidelines issued by the Union Ministry of Road Transport & Highways in 2018. This distinction underscores the emphasis on speed and efficiency that expressways offer.
Another aspect where highways and expressways diverge is in their lane configuration. Highways can vary in the number of lanes they have; some may feature two lanes while others might have three. The speed limit on a two-lane highway is generally lower than that on a three-lane highway. Expressways, designed with high-speed travel in mind, do not have such differentiation in speed limits based on the number of lanes. This uniformity ensures a smoother and faster journey for all vehicles.
A closer look at expressways through platforms like Google Maps reveals their straight-line layout devoid of major curves. This design philosophy extends to the absence of traffic signals on expressways, facilitating uninterrupted flow and significantly reducing travel time compared to highways where signals and cross traffic can cause delays.
While highways and expressways serve the fundamental purpose of connecting destinations, they differ significantly in design, speed limits, and overall driving experience. Expressways offer a glimpse into the future of road travel in India, promising efficiency and speed but demanding responsible driving behaviour.
Expressways are designed for fast, uninterrupted travel between major cities or regions, prioritizing speed and efficiency. National highways connect cities and towns across the country, catering to both local and long-distance traffic needs.
Expressways have limited entry and exit points, with controlled access ramps and interchanges to minimize interruptions to traffic flow. National highways have more frequent entry and exit points. This aids in providing access to various towns and villages along the route. Expressways are built to strict design standards, featuring wide lanes, smooth surfaces, and advanced safety features like crash barriers and adequate lighting. National highways vary in design based on the terrain and traffic volume, often adapting to local conditions.
Expressways commonly have toll plazas where motorists pay for using the road, which helps fund maintenance and upgrades. National highways may have toll sections but are often free to use. They are funded through government budgets and taxes.
Expressways generally experience lower traffic density compared to national highways, making them ideal for long-distance travel at higher speeds. National highways can vary in traffic density depending on the region and time of day. Expressways receive regular maintenance and upkeep due to their strategic importance and higher traffic speeds. National highways also undergo maintenance but may face challenges in remote or less populated areas.
Understanding these differences can help motorists better navigate and appreciate the roadways they travel.
