Why Are Thousands of Tulsi Plants Growing Around the Taj Mahal? The Lesser-Known Eco-Strategy Behind It

When people think of the Taj Mahal, images of eternal love, white marble, and Mughal grandeur often come to mind. This UNESCO World Heritage site in Agra, built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal, continues to attract millions of tourists from around the world. But behind the awe-inspiring beauty of this 17th-century masterpiece lies a quiet, green initiative that many visitors overlook — and it might just be one of the smartest conservation decisions made in recent years.

If you’ve ever taken a closer look at the landscape surrounding the Taj Mahal, you may have noticed something unusual: thousands of Tulsi (Holy Basil) plants carefully planted around the monument on all sides. At first glance, they might just seem like ornamental greenery. But these humble plants serve a powerful and multi-layered purpose — one that blends tradition, science, and sustainability.

More Than Just a Sacred Herb

Tulsi has long held a sacred place in Indian households for its medicinal and spiritual value. However, its environmental benefits are just as impressive. Scientific studies show that Tulsi releases oxygen for nearly 20 hours a day and emits ozone gas for approximately 4 hours — both of which help in cleansing the air. A single plant can purify about 10 square feet of air space.

When scaled up — as it has been around the Taj Mahal — the effect becomes significant. With around 80,000 Tulsi plants currently surrounding the monument, they form a natural shield against air pollution, which has been a growing threat to the Taj’s white marble exterior.

Pollution vs. Preservation

Air pollution, particularly from the nearby city and industries, has been steadily discoloring and deteriorating the marble of the Taj Mahal. Despite various government-led anti-pollution drives, maintaining the pristine look of the monument remains a constant challenge. The strategic planting of Tulsi helps not just by purifying the surrounding air, but also by producing ozone, which acts as a protective layer against harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. This slows down the yellowing and corrosion caused by environmental exposure.

Keeping Pests and Damage at Bay

Another underrated benefit of the Tulsi plantation is its ability to naturally repel insects. Insects and pests not only cause discomfort to visitors but can also harm the monument’s outer surfaces and inner chambers. The scent and properties of Tulsi keep these pests away, contributing to the overall cleanliness and longevity of the Taj Mahal’s intricate architecture.

Thanks to these plants, the walls and surface of the Taj remain cleaner, requiring less frequent maintenance. In a monument that receives thousands of footsteps daily, this passive protection is both efficient and eco-friendly.

A Breathing Barrier of Green

Beyond its functional benefits, this green perimeter also helps regulate the microclimate around the Taj. Cleaner air, reduced pollutants, and a healthier environment improve not just the structural integrity of the monument but also the visitor experience. Walking amidst the scent of Tulsi with fresher air adds a layer of tranquility that perfectly complements the emotional and historical weight of the site.

In many ways, the decision to use Tulsi around the Taj Mahal symbolizes a bridge between ancient wisdom and modern sustainability. It’s a reminder that sometimes, the simplest natural solutions can quietly do what machines and chemicals struggle to accomplish. As we continue to search for ways to protect our heritage from the effects of time and modern life, this initiative stands out as a model of how tradition and ecology can work hand in hand.

When you visit the Taj Mahal, take a moment to look beyond the iconic marble and majestic minarets. Notice the quiet presence of Tulsi plants lining the grounds, breathing life into the air. They aren’t just safeguarding a monument — they’re sustaining a legacy, a memory, and the environment all at once.