World Hepatitis Day: Battling The Monsoon Surge In Hepatitis Infections
World Hepatitis Day: Battling The Monsoon Surge In Hepatitis Infections
Chetna Raja
The monsoon season brings much-needed relief from the scorching summer heat, but it also ushers in a host of health concerns. Among these, hepatitis stands out as a significant threat, exacerbated by water pollution and unsanitary conditions common during the rainy season. As we observed World Hepatitis Day on July 28, it’s crucial to raise awareness about this disease and take preventive measures to protect our health.
Hepatitis is a viral infection that inflames the liver, with different strains such as hepatitis A and E being particularly linked to contaminated food and water.
During the monsoons, the risk of contracting these infections increases dramatically. The hepatitis virus typically enters the body through the rectum or mouth, leading to serious health complications.
Water contamination is rampant during the rainy season, creating an ideal environment for hepatitis A and E viruses to thrive. Drinking water from unverified sources or consuming contaminated food can easily lead to infection. To prevent this, it’s vital to drink only boiled or filtered water and use water purifiers at home. Carrying a personal water bottle while traveling can also reduce the risk.
Hand hygiene plays a pivotal role in preventing hepatitis. The fecal-oral transmission route of hepatitis A and E highlights the importance of washing hands thoroughly with soap and water, especially before eating and after using the toilet. Maintaining these hygiene practices can significantly lower the chances of infection.
The hepatitis problem is not confined to any specific age group; it affects everyone, including younger populations. It is usually caused by viral infections, but autoimmune diseases and other factors can also trigger hepatitis. There are five main types of hepatitis: A, B, C, D, and E, each caused by a different virus. Hepatitis can lead to severe liver damage, liver failure, cirrhosis, liver cancer, or even death if left untreated.
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that over 354 million people globally are suffering from chronic hepatitis B and C. In India, Maharashtra ranks third with 31,128 hepatitis B cases registered between July 2018 and September 2023. This alarming statistic underscores the importance of increased awareness and preventive measures, especially during the monsoons.
Hepatitis A, B, and C are the most commonly reported cases. Hepatitis A is contracted through contaminated food or water, while hepatitis B and C are spread through contact with infected body fluids such as blood or semen. Chronic hepatitis B and C often remain asymptomatic until the liver is severely affected, making early detection challenging.
Symptoms of hepatitis can range from mild to severe, including fatigue, flu-like symptoms, dark urine, pale stools, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, unexplained weight loss, and jaundice. Treatment varies depending on the type and stage of infection. Hepatitis A generally does not require specific treatment, but maintaining hydration and nutrition is essential. Some cases of hepatitis B and C may require antiviral drugs.
Preventing hepatitis is crucial, and vaccination is one of the most effective measures. Vaccines for hepatitis A and B are available and recommended, especially for newborns. Practicing good hygiene, consuming clean water and food, and avoiding contact with infected bodily fluids are essential preventive strategies.
As we mark World Hepatitis Day, it is essential to recognize the heightened risk of hepatitis during the monsoon season and take proactive steps to safeguard our health. Awareness, proper hygiene, and preventive measures can go a long way in combating this serious disease and ensuring a healthier future.
