India Politics Transform Over 23 Months: From 2024 Election Setback to Major BJP Comeback Under Narendra Modi

India’s political landscape has changed significantly between June 2024 and May 2026, marked by an initial setback for the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA), followed by a strong comeback across several key states, reshaping national politics.

June 4, 2024: Unexpected Election Result

On June 4, 2024, results of the 18th Lok Sabha elections were declared. The BJP, which had confidently predicted a massive win of around 400 seats, failed to secure a clear majority. The party won only 240 seats out of 543 and had to depend on NDA allies to form the government.

It was the first time since 2014 that the BJP fell short of a majority. Even important symbolic seats like Ayodhya were lost, making it a significant political setback for the ruling party under Narendra Modi.

Haryana Assembly Election: First Recovery

In October 2024, Haryana held its assembly elections for 90 seats. The BJP, which had a weak performance in the state during the general elections, managed a strong recovery.

The party won 48 seats, improving its position compared to the previous assembly election and securing the ability to form a government independently.

Maharashtra Election: Strong Political Shift

On November 23, 2024, Maharashtra held its assembly elections for 288 seats. Despite the INDIA alliance performing well in the Lok Sabha elections earlier in the year, the situation reversed in the state polls.

The BJP-led alliance won more than 200 seats, while the BJP alone secured 131 seats. This result strengthened the party’s control in the state and led to the formation of a BJP-led government in Maharashtra.

Delhi Election: BJP Returns After Decades

On February 8, 2025, Delhi witnessed a major political change. The BJP formed the government in the 70-seat assembly, marking its return to power in the national capital after 37 years.

The election also saw major defeats for Aam Aadmi Party leaders Arvind Kejriwal and Manish Sisodia, making it a significant political shift in Delhi.

Bihar Election: Historic BJP Expansion

On November 14, 2025, Bihar held its assembly elections for 243 seats. The BJP-led alliance delivered a massive victory, winning 200 seats.

The BJP became the largest party in the state and, for the first time in Bihar’s history, secured the Chief Minister position, marking a major expansion of its political influence.

May 4, 2026: Big Wins in Multiple States

On May 4, 2026, election results from five states were announced. The BJP retained power in Assam with a strong mandate. The party also achieved a historic victory in West Bengal, ending the 15-year rule of Mamata Banerjee and forming a government there for the first time.

The BJP-led alliance also won in Puducherry. However, the party did not achieve major success in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

Defeats in Jharkhand and Jammu & Kashmir

Despite strong performances in many states, the BJP faced setbacks in Jharkhand, where the JMM-Congress alliance retained power, and in Jammu & Kashmir, where Omar Abdullah’s party won the elections.

Overall Political Impact

Between 2024 and 2026, India witnessed a major political shift. The BJP moved from an unexpected parliamentary setback to strong state-level expansion across multiple regions. While still dependent on coalition partners at the national level, the party significantly strengthened its position across India under the leadership of Narendra Modi.